Thursday, March 19, 2009

Ozone Review

(I have a test in AP Environmental Science next. So I'm going to tell you everything you need to know about ozone)
Ozone (O3) in the lower atmosphere (the troposphere) is a pollutant. Whereas in the stratosphere it acts as the shield we all know as the Ozone Layer.
In the troposphere, Ozone acts with other compounds to trap gasses, creating the green house gas effect. Ozone in the lower atmosphere is created through pollution from automobiles, non-road engines, and other point and area sources. The chemicals released in these actions are usually NOx (Nitrous Oxide) and VOC's, these plus radiation from the sun produce Ozone as a pollutant.
In the stratosphere it has a completely different effect. As a protective shield, Ozone absorbs harmful UV (UV C and UV B) rays from the sun. UV B is the most harmful to life, both can cause cancer and other diseases. UV C has the shortest wavelength and highest energy. It breaks apart O2 in the atmosphere leaving O to meet with other O2 compounds to form O3. As O3 it can then absorb UV C (the process breaks down O3 once again and the cycle continues). 99 percent of all UV radiation is absorbed by our shield.
Important part: To us, this means protection from dangerous sunlight. If our ozone is depleted, then UV B especially will be able to reach the Earth's surface and to heat it. Causing sea levels to rise, glaciers to melt, biospheres to change violently... But for us (if you want to know the direct cause to the human race) it will increase epidemics in skin cancer, cataracts and other dangerous diseases (not to mention the effects that are unknown to us). Also, UV rays will destroy primary producers like phytoplankton, thus reducing primary productivity. this trend will also be seen in our major crop foods. We will experience a shortage in materials and resources imperative to us (like beans, rice, and corn). Which will hurt us and especially developing countries.
Ozone is depleting quickly, a large hole is described above Antarctica. The hole can be due to the CFC's in things like hairspray that were widely used through the 50's and 80's. CFC's have long residence times so the affects are still being felt today even though they are more restricted. However CFCs are used in refrigerators and air conditioners (in cars and homes). This can be restricted by recycling these sources and supporting CFC alternatives like HCFC's and HFC's. CFC's are still in use in developing countries like India and China (according to the Montreal Protocol, it is our responsibility to help them over their dependence on the chemical substance).

2 comments:

michelle said...

You tree-hugger :)

RHS Flash said...

You are far too bright to be in the class... out, out damn green peacenik!